This chapter presents a description of the interest group system in contemporary Brazil and highlights its most recent transformations. Our main argument is that, since redemocratization in 1988, the system has undergone a considerable increase in pluralism and is still permeated by the corporatist model. Thus, despite the pluralization process, there is a perception that a strong asymmetry of influence in favor of powerful groups persists in Brazil. Our data come from recent opinion polls. Both RIG and advocacy professionals and Brazilian citizens have the perception that powerful groups, linked to the agribusiness, financial, and industrial sectors, have comparatively greater capacity to influence the decision-making process in the direction of their interests. We have attempted to demonstrate that, in spite of such changes as have occurred, an uncomfortable continuity obtains in the perception of political actors and citizens vis-à-vis the asymmetry of influence in favor of certain groups, an outcome which is exactly contrary to expectations. Evidence of this contradiction can be seen in numbers that indicate the opening of the political system to new social actors, especially in the Legislative Branch, which, however, can be contrasted with the results of opinion polls carried out recently among professional lobbyists, advocacy agents, and citizens. Additionally, we present some considerations from the research agenda on the topic.