The objective of this work is to highlight the importance of considering the public interest in anti-dumping investigations, an analysis that cannot be carried out without the prior definition of criteria to be used by all WTO Members, thus avoiding discriminatory application. If the definition of the public interest is to be mandatory, as seems to be the outcome sought by WTO Members in the current state of negotiations, it is fundamental that clear parameters be defined, which must be followed by all Members. Otherwise, the pursuit of the public interest may further increase the insecurity and unpredictability surrounding anti-dumping investigations, discouraging stakeholders from contributing to the search for truth and the best solution for the internal context of each country.