This thesis deals with the political process around the Quota Law in the National Congress of Brazil in relation to the creation of the public system of scholarships in private institutions, with the objective of understanding the relationship between the National Congress and Brazilian society. . The investigation uses an interdisciplinary approach in the humanities, uses the ACF model (Advocacy Coalition Framework) or the defense coalition model, historical institutionalism and sociological reduction in public policy in the search for understanding the dispute between heterogeneous actors in the process of the Quota Law in the National Congress of Brazil. The methodology is based on documents and interviews. The thesis demonstrates the supra-partisan victory of the barefoot coalition in the Brazilian parliament, a huge achievement led by the N*MS, central actors in the creation of the national public system of scholarships in private institutions (Prouni) and main actors in the anti-racist coalition in favor of of the Quota Law on the floor of parliament. A set of hypotheses were verified, confirming multidimensional reasons for the approval of the Quota Law in the Brazilian parliament, a structural change in public policy in relation to the previous status quo. The thesis underlines the theoretical importance of the relationship between public policy and Brazilian political thought for the understanding of change in public policy, such as the thought of Guerreiro Ramos, which tensions restricted ideas of affirmative action and broadens the conceptual horizon in public policy from the perspective of empiria, from the innovative example of the Quota Law that Brazil offers to the world.