Author:

Orozimbo José de Moraes

Abstract:

The purpose of this work is to analyse the environmental economics instruments, based in microeconomics and according to the policy matrix of The World Bank. Follow the evolution of environmental policy instruments from the firsth wave of comand and control instruments, the second wave of market based instruments in the 1970s and 1980 and the third wave of information disclosure in recent years. The concepts of sustainable development, welfare economics and market failure are preliminarly viewed to the analysis of instruments for resource management and pollution controll, as standards, tradable permits, subsidies, environmental taxes over production and goods, systems of deposit-refund, and public participation.